Laravel配合crontab指令创建定时任务

Laravel 配合crontab指令创建定时任务

我工作中的项目使用的是Lumen框架，和laravel创建定时任务一样

首先要定义调度，也是我们常说的脚本文件

在App\Console\Commands下创建Test.php

指令创建：

php artisan make:command Test

手动创建：

<?php

namespace App\Console\Commands;

use Illuminate\Console\Command;

class Test extends Command
{
    /**
     * The name and signature of the console command.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $signature = 'test';

    /**
     * The console command description.
     *
     * @var string
     */
    protected $description = '测试创建脚本';

    /**
     * Create a new command instance.
     *
     * @return void
     */
    public function __construct()
    {
        parent::__construct();
    }

    /**
     * Execute the console command.
     *
     * @return int
     */
    public function handle()
    {
        echo '开始执行test脚本';
        echo "脚本执行结束";
    }
}

第二步、编辑 app/Console/Kernel.php 文件，将新生成的类进行注册：

protected $commands = [
        \App\Console\Commands\Test::class,
    ];

然后就可以直接使用运行脚本指令啦

常用的指令有：

//查看所有的脚本以及框架自带的一些调度
php artisan list 

//手动执行指定脚本
php artisan test

参考一下 list指令

Laravel Framework 8.41.0

Usage:
  command [options] [arguments]

Options:
  -h, --help            Display help for the given command. When no command is given display help for the list command
  -q, --quiet           Do not output any message
  -V, --version         Display this application version
      --ansi            Force ANSI output
      --no-ansi         Disable ANSI output
  -n, --no-interaction  Do not ask any interactive question
      --env[=ENV]       The environment the command should run under
  -v|vv|vvv, --verbose  Increase the verbosity of messages: 1 for normal output, 2 for more verbose output and 3 for debug

Available commands:
  clear-compiled       Remove the compiled class file
  db                   Start a new database CLI session
  down                 Put the application into maintenance / demo mode
  env                  Display the current framework environment
  help                 Display help for a command
  inspire              Display an inspiring quote
  list                 List commands
  migrate              Run the database migrations
  optimize             Cache the framework bootstrap files
  serve                Serve the application on the PHP development server
  test                 Run the application tests
  test_cmd             测试创建脚本
  tinker               Interact with your application
  up                   Bring the application out of maintenance mode
 auth
  auth:clear-resets    Flush expired password reset tokens
 cache
  cache:clear          Flush the application cache
  cache:forget         Remove an item from the cache
  cache:table          Create a migration for the cache database table
 config
  config:cache         Create a cache file for faster configuration loading
  config:clear         Remove the configuration cache file
 db
  db:seed              Seed the database with records
  db:wipe              Drop all tables, views, and types
 event
  event:cache          Discover and cache the application's events and listeners
  event:clear          Clear all cached events and listeners
  event:generate       Generate the missing events and listeners based on registration
  event:list           List the application's events and listeners
 key
  key:generate         Set the application key
 make
  make:cast            Create a new custom Eloquent cast class
  make:channel         Create a new channel class
  make:command         Create a new Artisan command
  make:component       Create a new view component class
  make:controller      Create a new controller class
  make:event           Create a new event class
  make:exception       Create a new custom exception class
  make:factory         Create a new model factory
  make:job             Create a new job class
  make:listener        Create a new event listener class
  make:mail            Create a new email class
  make:middleware      Create a new middleware class
  make:migration       Create a new migration file
  make:model           Create a new Eloquent model class
  make:notification    Create a new notification class
  make:observer        Create a new observer class
  make:policy          Create a new policy class
  make:provider        Create a new service provider class
  make:request         Create a new form request class
  make:resource        Create a new resource
  make:rule            Create a new validation rule
  make:seeder          Create a new seeder class
  make:test            Create a new test class
 migrate
  migrate:fresh        Drop all tables and re-run all migrations
  migrate:install      Create the migration repository
  migrate:refresh      Reset and re-run all migrations
  migrate:reset        Rollback all database migrations
  migrate:rollback     Rollback the last database migration
  migrate:status       Show the status of each migration
 notifications
  notifications:table  Create a migration for the notifications table
 optimize
  optimize:clear       Remove the cached bootstrap files
 package
  package:discover     Rebuild the cached package manifest
 queue
  queue:batches-table  Create a migration for the batches database table
  queue:clear          Delete all of the jobs from the specified queue
  queue:failed         List all of the failed queue jobs
  queue:failed-table   Create a migration for the failed queue jobs database table
  queue:flush          Flush all of the failed queue jobs
  queue:forget         Delete a failed queue job
  queue:listen         Listen to a given queue
  queue:prune-batches  Prune stale entries from the batches database
  queue:restart        Restart queue worker daemons after their current job
  queue:retry          Retry a failed queue job
  queue:retry-batch    Retry the failed jobs for a batch
  queue:table          Create a migration for the queue jobs database table
  queue:work           Start processing jobs on the queue as a daemon
 route
  route:cache          Create a route cache file for faster route registration
  route:clear          Remove the route cache file
  route:list           List all registered routes
 sail
  sail:install         Install Laravel Sail's default Docker Compose file
  sail:publish         Publish the Laravel Sail Docker files
 schedule
  schedule:list        List the scheduled commands
  schedule:run         Run the scheduled commands
  schedule:test        Run a scheduled command
  schedule:work        Start the schedule worker
 schema
  schema:dump          Dump the given database schema
 session
  session:table        Create a migration for the session database table
 storage
  storage:link         Create the symbolic links configured for the application
 stub
  stub:publish         Publish all stubs that are available for customization
 vendor
  vendor:publish       Publish any publishable assets from vendor packages
 view
  view:cache           Compile all of the application's Blade templates
  view:clear           Clear all compiled view files

要是实现脚本自动定时执行需要配合crontab 指令

第三步、创建一个该项目的定时任务

* * * * * php /www/blog.phpfunny.cn/artisan schedule:run >> /dev/null 2>&1
//注意：* * * * *分别代表 分 时 日 月 周 （定时任务的时间） /为你的项目位置

第四步、指定脚本执行时间(周期)

protected function schedule(Schedule $schedule)
    {
        $schedule->command('test')//Test.php中的name
                 ->everyFiveMinutes();//每五分钟执行一次
    }

常用的执行周期：

->cron('* * * * *');    在自定义Cron调度上运行任务
->everyMinute();    每分钟运行一次任务
->everyFiveMinutes();   每五分钟运行一次任务
->everyTenMinutes();    每十分钟运行一次任务
->everyThirtyMinutes(); 每三十分钟运行一次任务
->hourly(); 每小时运行一次任务
->daily();  每天凌晨零点运行任务
->dailyAt('13:00'); 每天13:00运行任务
->twiceDaily(1, 13);    每天1:00 & 13:00运行任务
->weekly(); 每周运行一次任务
->monthly();    每月运行一次任务
->monthlyOn(4, '15:00');    每月4号15:00运行一次任务
->quarterly();  每个季度运行一次
->yearly(); 每年运行一次
->timezone('America/New_York'); 设置时区